YMCA & Faith as a Dimension of Diversity

YMCA & Faith as a Dimension of Diversity ::: what are some ways we can elevate the role of religion and build a healthier, stronger “C” in the Y as a way to be even more inclusive and equitable?

The extraordinary effort the Young Men’s Christian Association is putting into being inclusive and equitable in light of its diverse and global reality is impressive and inspiring.

Yet, not without critique or flaws, and still in an agile learning mode, humbly trying to do better.

There are many aspects I value about the Dimensions of Diversity Wheel, including how it reveals then builds awareness of many key dimensions of diversity; having been through a training with it, I developed a more complex awareness of myself, as well as a richer perspective on those around me.

Nobody comes to this wheel or training or Association neutral, so I confess that this blogpost comes from a close analysis and personal reflection on my professional work with the Y as a Christian Emphasis Director and ordained Protestant minister.

The dimension of Faith is of particular interest to me regarding my vocation, my identity, my purpose, my lens personally and professionally, though it’s not the only important dimension, nor is it isolated from many others like culture, race, birthplace, etc.

I do want to humbly reflect publicly on the role of faith as a dimension diversity in the YMCA, as it seems to occupy an awkward space in the wheel and our associations.

For example, religion and faith traditions are like culture and ethnicity, you are born into it, they are often all intertwined, and it deeply shapes your whole sense of self, purpose, identity and community.

Yet it can also be experienced as interchangeable like economic status or geographic location; we all know people or have heard of those who “left” their religion or faith tradition.

While these are simplistic examples, they get at the wider discomfort of the role of faith and religion in the Y; as a matter of principle we ought to include it in an equitable and honest way – BUT: it is unlike all the other dimensions in a way that makes it socially and spiritually awkward.

What do I mean? A basic understanding of religion – scholarly or experientially – reveals the comprehensive nature of faith traditions; the role of it is to give overarching meaning and existential purpose to the totality of life in spirit, mind and body as an individual and a community (or tribe or nation).

Yet, in the Y it is generally uncomfortable to talk publicly about ones personal faith tradition or religious commitments (I’d love to hear exceptions to this assumption).

What factors might be keeping the faith/beliefs dimension of diversity in a awkward, suspicious, suppressed, role in the Y?

While there are no simplistic answers, here are a few of my observations framed by my experiences and research:

1. The complexity of secularization in a religiously and ethnically pluralistic society (keep your faith private) [for more read Charles Taylor and Lesslie Newbigin]

2. The critiques of religious violence, sexual abuse, and financial scandals (credibility of faith is corroded) [for more read Rene Girard and William Cavanaugh]

3. The centrality of technology as a means for organizing and and making sense of reality (control comes from us) [for more read Jacques Ellul and Miroslav Volf]

Or, some might perceive it like this: overly religious people do a lot of good, but then they get disagreeable and divisive and at the Y we really want to emphasize what builds harmony and healing; so, since too many religious people either want to be right/exclusive more than loving/inclusive, we will downplay our religious heritage and faith as a dimension of diversity and emphasize that which seems to more effectively forge unity and equity.

Trust me, I get it.

But…

Religion is still a powerful existential reality amongst our diverse membership; if we ignore it, downplay it, dismiss it, degrade it, we will be blind to the way it shapes (for good or bad) our culture, thus preventing us from fulfilling our purpose, cause and mission successfully.

The more people who become ignorant of religion and faith traditions, the more religious bigotry that will be fomented.

If we want less religious violence and abuse, we need to shine more light on religion, not keep it in the dark; more wisdom not less.

With the National influence the YMCA has in 2,000+ communities, imagine the positive effect we could have if we more wisely, bravely, authentically, publicly discussed and educated on religion/faith as a powerful dimension of diversity.

Christians in the Y often don’t want to offend anyone, especially those who are religiously diverse; it’s a warm sentiment, but it often leads to squelching religious expression instead of building up hospitable inclusion.

Christians in the Y too often fail to recognize the vast diversity that exists within there own faith tradition; it’s naive to think that the differences between Protestants and Catholics are irrelevant, or that the tension between conservative and liberal Christians is insignificant.

Factor in the generational and geographic, ethnic and racial dimensions of diversity as it is expressed through religion, and Christians will discover an incredible variety.

But rather than enter into the complexity of a diverse and global Christianity in their YMCA, Christian leaders too often over-emphasize a private expression of faith, or a bland version that doesn’t want to offend anyone, or a suppression of any public religious expression.

What if the YMCA of the USA embraced a intentionally public, responsible, honesty about its extremely religious origins in George Williams and Thomas Sullivan, in Anthony Bowen and John Mott, etc.?

What if the Young Men’s Christian Association cultivated a care-full spirit of mutual respect for the vast diversity of Christians who founded the Y, and for the complicated and rich Christian traditions which nourished the YMCA which we enjoy and steward today?

It could then more robustly and wisely critique that within the diverse Christian traditions which undermines or corrupts equitable inclusion in our generation.

So why does it seem that the Y is sometimes awkwardly embarrassed about the “C” in our name?

I won’t pretend to know all the reasons, and I would welcome many honest responses from readers.

From what I have heard and seen though, my understanding of the conflicted identity is rooted in the three reasons I listed earlier: secularity & pluralism, violence & hypocrisy, science & positivism; it’s a cultural/religious revolution deeply affecting Western civilization and the global community.

This means, at some level, we aren’t even sure what it means to identify as Christian now, belief in God is contested and seemingly unnecessary for the pursuit of happiness; especially when it comes to managerial and economic decisions, prayer seems less effective than benchmarks and best practices.

Yet: religion just won’t go away.

The Y can draw on powerful historical and contextual realities as resources for animating an inclusive Christianity which honestly respects our diversity while strengthening how we responsibly care for all we embrace.

Or the Y can continue to awkwardly stumble into a complex religious-shaped future conflicted about its identity and how to bring healing and hope to our society’s most dangerous and vicious evils.

If I was going to make some proposals for how a more robust Faith as a Dimension of Diversity could empower the Y to flourish as an anti-racist, multi-cultural institution – I would offer up these as a conversation starter:

  • Elevate faith/belief/religion as a dimension of diversity
  • Responsibly respect the existential and overarching reality religion and faith traditions have cross-culturally, trans-nationally, and inter-generationally
  • Cultivate care-full honesty about Y members/staff/volunteers experiences with the best of and worst of religion – for the sake of healing, wisdom, and mutual empathy
  • Resuscitate our gratitude and indebtedness to Christian Y workers in the past for their religious motivations – ie. invention of basketball or camping, George Williams organizing and John Mott’s fundraising, etc.
  • Become curious to the ways many different Y workers have religious motivations for their service, and how it is mixed with other motivations.
  • Celebrate our identity as a Christian Association which strives to be welcoming and hospitable to people from all types of religious and faith traditions, as well as every kind of dimension of diversity.
  • Have YUSA publicly engage in the Paris Basis and Challenge 21
  • Be willing to openly critique behavior of Christians in the Y who are behaving badly, without it resulting in the suppression of Christianity as a result.
  • Be willing to embrace the complexity of public expressions and embodiment of faith in the Y as a way to model for our 2,000 communities how we can do grace-full and faith-full inclusion.

Here are some concluding observations of this post: if I was going to frame in a historically positive way the different kinds of Diverse and Global Christians in the Y since 1844, I would describe them as Evangelical, Ecumenical, Equitable.

George Williams was Evangelical, with an ecumenical and equitable heart.

John Mott became Ecumenical from his evangelical spirit, and raised enormous sums of money for equitable causes.

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is our inspiration for Equitable, who embodied an ecumenical yearning with evangelical zeal.

If you had a primary pulse as a Christian in the Y these days, who do most resonate with for how they embodied their faith – George, John, Martin?

If you’re like me, all of them are central to how Christianity can be embodied today in the Y!

But if we revise their Y story and minimize the role of religion, we undercut their powerful example of ways Christianity can inspire, unite, and heal.

It is always easier to critique and see the log in the eye of Christianity; its failures are legendary, some chilling and evil; but: if people are not defined by their worst moments, let’s not do that with any religion or faith tradition.

May many more humble and dedicated conversations continue to multiply around ways we can strengthen faith as a dimension of diversity towards flourishing for all.

What would you propose for a healthier and stronger Faith as a Dimension of Diversity in the YMCA?

What are some examples you have for ways Faith as a Dimension of Diversity has positively contributed to flourishing for all in your Y?

For more on this theme read Is The YMCA Still Religious? Still Christian?

An Ecumenical “C” in the YMCA?

An Ecumenical “C” in the YMCA ::: Faith is a dynamic dimension of diversity in the Y. Religion’s existential power includes its comprehensive influence on individuals and the families and tribes they are born into. The Christian religion of the YMCA will never go away – so what are ways followers of Christ can live out their faith in the Y that builds up a healthy spirit, mind and body for all? In this article I try to make the case for why the Y should intentionally resurrect their ecumenical Christian emphasis, as embodied by our founder George Williams and our most famous ambassador of the 19th and 20th century John Mott.

When we talk about the “C” in the YMCA, what are we talking about?

Is it a “thin C” or a “thick C”, a “narrow C” or a “wide C” – a “C” with complex dimensions and cultures or a simple “C” that perfectly aligns with whatever you happen to passionately believe?

With the founding of the YMCA on June 6 1844 by George Williams and eleven of his young Christian business friends, a complex “C” was already at work in the association.

Sir George Williams

Williams grew up in a nominal rural British Anglican home in the 1820’s and 30’s, but had a born-again evangelical Christian experience when he came to London looking for work as a young man.

He aligned with the Dissenting church in London, heavily involved in evangelization all the days of his Christian life, yet would join the Church of England later in life as a very prosperous and respected businessman. (For more on this see Clyde Binfield’s George Williams and the Y.M.C.A.: a Study in Victorian Social Attitudes)

Early on the YMCA had a complex relationship with “the church” – since the twelve founders of the Y had a variety of Christian traditions in their background.

This kept the Y from early on being co-opted by one church tradition, and helped it focus on being an ally of the church and partner in its evangelism and discipleship efforts for young men in the urban centers.

As the concept of the YMCA spread across Europe and the world, the variety of Christian traditions, cultures and church denominations increased within the Y movement.

The Paris Basis of 1855 is an early document of the YMCA that seeks to guide different kinds of Christians from different kinds of churches and cultures for joining together with Jesus Christ for doing kingdom work in the world.

a draft document of the original Paris Basis

Within thirty years the dynamic and influential YMCA leader John Mott would be building on this Paris Basis legacy and spirit, not only strengthening the Y movement across American college campuses, but eventually with Y students across the world.

In reading through his biography written by C.H. Hopkins, it recounts from Mott’s diary and correspondence the strong Christian faith that empowered his growing commitment to ecumenical Christianity.

The Y is about getting work done, about overcoming differences in order to better serve people; that means when it comes to religion, we focus on what unites, not divides.

This works to a certain point; the pragmatism of the YMCA and this kind of cooperation is successful when you stay on the surface.

But, when you spend enough time together, it gets complex and at some point you need the tools to dig below the surface to deal with the spirit, mind and heart of people.

John Mott’s focus on Christian mission is what led him to fully embrace an ecumenical Christianity. Can you imagine Christians on the mission-field denouncing other denominations?

Missionaries learned that the more closely they partnered in an ecumenical spirit, the more likely they could embody the prayer of Jesus in John 17 and more faithfully proclaim the good news.

Long story short, John Mott was a key Christian leader in the YMCA movement and global missionary movement, as well as the world ecumenical movement.

In a way, they were all intertwined: Mott helped support the successful 1910 Edinburgh Mission Council, which was a unique effort to unite Protestant Christian church denominations in their world missionary work.

This event was a key catalyst in global missionary partnerships and guidelines, as well as strengthening ecumenical relationships.

There is a direct line of relationship between John Mott of the YMCA and the founding of the World Council of Churches, which exists today to support and strengthen ecumenical efforts across the whole globe, in every continent, with every Christian denomination willing to participate.

Today the Global Christian Forum is a partnership between the WCC, the Roman Catholic Church, the World Evangelical Alliance, and the Pentecostal World Fellowship, through which almost every major Christian denomination and tradition has a voice and a relationship for faithfully embodying Jesus prayer “that all may be one.”

For the YMCA’s interested in Christian emphasis and Christian mission in the USA, it is imperative that we recover our connection with our ecumenical Christian heritage.

It is my observation that it will be harmful for our Y movement if we insist on a stronger “C” if we don’t build up our diverse, inclusive and global Christian relationships – like what was the case for the Paris Basis.

I grew up in a conservative evangelical fundamentalist Christian culture, and read about the dangers of the World Council of Churches in Europe, the corruption of the National Council of Churches here in America, and the liberal poison of ecumenical efforts.

For me, I’ve had to detox from this kind of religious slander and fearmongering.

As I see it, with the USA and the world becoming more globalized, more complex and cross-pressured, more connected religiously and culturally in ways that both amplify friendships and gross misunderstandings, it is imperative for American Christians to engage in ecumenical work as part of their mission work.

There is a rich ecumenical Christian tradition within the YMCA, as embodied by John Mott and his many associates and friends in the Y movement who served with him and extended his influence for decades after his death in 1955.

The “C” in the YMCA from our founding has always been ecumenical.

If we are going to strengthen the presence of Christ in our Y’s, and if we are going to be inspired by his prayer in John 17, then we must engage with the ecumenical work that diverse and global Christians have been doing for over a hundred years, including our own John Mott.

What would it look like for YMCAs in the USA to engage diverse and global Christian members in an inclusive way?

Here are a few steps Christians in the YMCA could take for moving forward:

One: do some demographic research of the many different kinds of Christian denominations in your region; spend time investigating the many independent ethnic and minority churches in your communities.

Two: you find what you are looking for – so start looking to meet the diverse and global Christians who are already part of your YMCA; prayerfully be present to the willingness of the Holy Spirit to connect you with Christians different than you.

Three: consider the different kinds of Christians you already know, examine your heart in regard to “those Christians” which you are suspicious of or consider to be CINO (Christians in name only); prayerfully submit to the Holy Spirit your attitude and perspective, and be open to how you might gain a healthier understanding of their relationship with Christ.

Four: pay attention to your cultural context in regard to different kinds of Christians in your Y and life – odds are the obstacles to unity are less about race and ethnicity and more about ideology; are the divisive distinctions being drawn around labels like: conservative vs liberal, traditional vs progressive, evangelical vs ecumenical, charismatic vs liturgical, pro-life vs pro-choice, pro-straight marriage vs pro-gay marriage, pro-capitalism vs pro-socialism, etc.?

Five: accept that being a Christian in our world is complex, that trying to live out your faith in your community is complicated, that relationships are messy, and that it is not easy to intertwine the application of grace and truth to every situation; accept that we make lots of mistakes along the way and thus it’s okay to apologize when confronted and strive to make amends in faith, hope, and love.

There are many reasons why it’s a struggle to talk about the “C” in the YMCA.

For my part, I’d like to do what I can to help forge a way for more of us in the Y to strengthen an inclusive “C” as part of our mission and cause as we seek to love, care and serve our diverse and global communities.

This means taking the “C” more seriously, learning to talk about the complex “C” in ways that are generous, empathetic in listening and learning, and honest.

Religion is not going away in the world, it is a powerful lens for participating in reality; either the YMCA fully and authentically embraces its religious heritage and seeks to let it flourish for all, or we live in denial of our founding and our foundations, to the detriment of our future.

For more on global religion’s resurgence and potential for our human flourishing, read more by Miroslav Volf of the Yale Center for Faith and Culture at Yale Divinity School.

For more on this theme read Is The YMCA Still Religious? Still Christian?

The Ecclesia of the New Testament and the YMCA / by Emil Brunner

Professor Brunner is considered one of the greatest European Christian theologians in the early to mid 20th century. His enormous and brilliant influence on the YMCA is revealed in this essay he penned, inspired by his friendship with John R. Mott, to encourage and guide the Y in their faithfulness to Christ amidst a radically swift-changing post-war culture in Britain, Germany, and America.


The posted article below is an excerpt by Emil Brunner from Toward Our Second Century, a report of the plenary meeting of the World’s Committee of the Young Men’s Christian Organization at Geneva, Switzerland in July, 1953. Archived by the World Alliance YMCA

A theological advisor to the Y.M.C.A. in 1948.

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“From its very beginning the YMCA has set great store by the fact that it is not a church.

It has rather exhorted its members to join a church. This conception and policy has stood the test and will remain the same in the future.

The ecumenical movement, however, and more especially the creation of the World Council of Churches, has required a re-thinking which, of course, has to start from and be based upon the New Testament.

If we read without prejudice what the New Testament says about Ecclesia, we see that this word signifies a reality which resembles the YMCA at least as much as today’s so-called churches.

The bodies which generally are recognized as “churches” are at least as different from the Ecclesia of the New Testament as the YMCA.

For Ecclesia is nothing else than a brotherhood of people bound together with Jesus Christ and with each other by the Holy Spirit and leading their daily life in such fellowship.

The Ecclesia is described to us as a common life under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, a common life in Faith, in Hope, and in Love, where what we are used to calling characteristic features of a church, “ecclesiastical” institutions, ecclesiastical offices, ecclesiastical actives do not play an essential role.

The following points deserve attention:

  1. There is no distinction between priests and laymen, but the whole community is “a priestly people”, everybody is expected to to act in a priestly manner.
  2. There is no sacrificial rite, but on the contrary: by the sacrifice of Christ all other sacrifices are done away forever, whereas everybody, each member of the community, is supposed to dedicate his or her life to God as an acceptable sacrifice.
  3. Each member of the community is called upon for service in the community. There is no difference between “active” and “passive” members, but, as each organ within a living organism exercises its function to the benefit of the whole, thus everybody within the Ecclesia is an organ fit for a function of which a “service” is expected and rendered. Non-active members have to be regarded as non-functioning dead organs and be cut off.
  4. There are certainly special Sunday meetings of the community for “worship”. But again, what matters most is that everybody contributes to the edification of the community, that nobody is passed over because some want to monopolize speaking.
  5. But these Sunday meetings of the community are not called Divine Service. On the contrary the daily life of the individual Christians, who dedicate their life to God as sacrifice, explicitly receive this title. Therefore, everyday life in the service of men in love is the genuine divine service.
  6. For this reason there is such a gulf, characteristic of our ecclesiastical life, between “Divine Service and Everyday Life”, between a “spiritual” and a “profane” realm outside. Everything is “spiritual” – even the most secular thing, if it is done united with Christ; then also eating and drinking then also trivial everyday work is “spiritual” if it is done “in Christ”.

If therefore the members of a YMCA by their faith are really united with Christ and the love which is flowing out of this faith unites them with the fellow members that they feel as brethren, and if these members regard their activities as service to Christ and to the brethren and sacrifice their lives in this service, they are Ecclesia as well as any church.

This insight is of utmost importance because it permits us to conceive our “secular” work, be it in sports groups, in professional evening classes, in manual work of the Boy’s Town in Indian slums, as spiritual work, as “church work in the meaning of the New Testament.”

Not the subject itself, Bible Study or sports, but the motive for the one as for the other: to serve Christ and to serve the brother, constitutes the difference between spiritual and non-spiritual; not the affiliation to a certain church makes our work Christian, but the belonging to Christ of each worker.

On the other hand, this insight makes us independent from the principle of “practical success.”

There are other organizations today, UNO, UNESCO, international emergency organizations or individual governments, doing the same as we do, seen from the outside, doing it even better than we can because of more money available to them.

Yet it is quite another thing, as it does not spring forth from the source of love of Christ and therefore is not realized in the same spirit.

Our social work does not have its value in itself, but as a demonstration of the love of Christ.

We are not a YMCA because of the model swimming pools available to everyone, but because we build and use a swimming pool to bring the love of Christ to young men.

The YMCA has little importance as an institution of welfare.

The YMCA either is a form of Ecclesia or it is nothing.

If it is not Ecclesia it is useless, amateurish duplicate of public welfare institutions.

Thus we arrive at this peculiar statement: the YMCA is inwardly Ecclesia, church in the meaning of the New Testament; outwardly it is a welfare institution for young people of all nations.

The fact that it unites this interior with this exterior makes its character and is the basis of its peculiar, incomparable activity.

There are, therefore, two dangerous deviations which may cause the YMCA to miss its destiny.

The first: that it loses its soul, that it ceases to be Ecclesia.

The second: that it loses its particular body, that it becomes a mere institution of one of the churches, a “church youth group” whose main purpose is Bible study.

The first one is wrong extraversion, the second a wrong intraversion.

In the first case, the YMCA ceases to be Christian; in the second case it ceases to be YMCA.

The centenary of the year 1955 must help each local and national YMCA all over the world to grasp this insight of the homogeneousness of body and soul and to win back the soul which the YMCA has lost in many places.

There is less danger for the exterior, for the “body” of the YMCA; for this exterior social service is evident to everybody and can be started rather easily.

The main danger is the first, the loss of the Christian soul, the character as Ecclesia.

The most important task of the Ecclesia in the New Testament is to make Christ known to all men.

Therefore the most important task of the YMCA is to win the youth of our time for Christ. Youth for Christ, Christ for Youth.

Whether this is done by swimming pools, evening classes, sports training or Bible and Prayer Meetings is not the main question.

What matters only is the aim that young people come into a living contact with Christ.

This, however, can only happen if the Bible is read, where it is preached; and where experiences are shared in a heartfelt, sincere, brotherly manner.

The soul of the YMCA cannot live without being nurtured and purified by the sources of faith.

We may imagine the ideal YMCA a society of young people looking very worldly, open to everybody, which is attractive by its activities for young people and renders service to them. But while it looks rather worldly from the outside, the leading men inside are eager to speak to the young people of Jesus Christ as soon as they ask: why are you doing that? why are you so kind to us? why are you interested in just me?

To proclaim the message of Jesus Christ with a few words in such moments, to explain what actually is a YMCA – that is the proper aim.

The YMCA is a proof that the Gospel of Jesus Christ is no “religion” but the love of men based upon the love of God.

Therefore it is possible to bear witness to Christ by simple exterior services.

Where there is real love towards men, there Christ is at work; where Christ really is at work, there is genuine love towards men.

The foundation of Ecclesia is God’s Love in Jesus Christ, received and accepted by human hearts.

There is no need for a creed, even the Paris Basis, a model of brevity.

Who loves Christ and is willing to obey Him belongs to it. Who does not love Him and does not obey Him does not belong to it.

The love of Christ is the sole criterion; the unquestionable manifestation of this love to Christ is love to the brethren, willingness to serve the brethren.

Therefore the “Christian Religion” is something so simple, something so ecclesiastical, something so laymen-like.

That is why the YMCA has such an extraordinarily good chance to serve Christ.

The churches have their particular values and services and the YMCA cannot do better than remain on a good relationship with them all.

They certainly have much to give to their members which the YMCA cannot provide.

But, it is able to give the most essential to young people if its soul, its hidden innermost, is the communion with Christ, which moves it to act and guides it, that is to say if it really is a kind of Ecclesia.”

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Professor Brunner is considered one of the greatest European Christian theologians in the early to mid 20th century. His enormous and brilliant influence on the YMCA is revealed in this essay he penned, inspired by his friendship with John R. Mott, to encourage and guide the Y in their faithfulness to Christ amidst a radically swift-changing post-war culture in Britain, Germany, and America.

For a very brief overview of Emil Brunner’s life, Christian ministry and theological significance, read this overview by the Study Centre for Faith and Society.

For more about the brilliant and compelling writings of Emil Brunner, read this review by Roger Olsen.

For more in depth exploration of Dr. Brunner’s scholarship, read this paper by Alister McGrath.

For a fuller account of Emil Brunner’s writings and their helpfulness yet today, check out this book by Dr. McGrath.
Click here for the story behind this 1900 YMCA that met in a Skagway, Alaska Presbyterian church.
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